In the past two decades caries risk prediction has been and important subject for investigators. Caries risk assessment is an effective method for the prediction of future caries. By CRA the high-risk groups are determined. Then the prevention programs in relation to high-risk groups, be perform. This article is the results of a research project which has been performed by the author in Tehran. 218 primary school children (7 years old) have participated in this study. They have been examined for caries risk factors in three stages: 1- By a questionnaire for personal and socio demographic information. 2- Bite wing radiography to diagnosis the incipient proximal caries. 3- Dental examination of the student. Results of the research showed 34 person (15.6%) were high-risk, 63 person were low-risk and 121 person (55.5%) were moderate risk. Some of the caries risk factor have been also evaluated.

Background: Accumulation of heavy metals and increasing their concentration and reaching them to the danger range can threaten human health by entering to food chain. Thus, continuous monitoring of pollutants consentration in agricultural products is important. So, the aim of this study was to investigate the heavy metals concentration and risk assessment resulting from them in agriculture product with two types of irrigation in farms of Dayyer city which is one of the counties in Boushehr province.Material and Methods: Samples of agriculture product were harvested in three in three categories vegetables included: leafy (lettuce, spinach, cabbage), tuber (onion, potato), and fruit (tomato, green pepper) from farms of Dayyer city with two types of irrigation included River Water Irrigation (RWI) and Ground Water Irrigation (GWI). Totally 320 samples were analyzed by using (ICP-OES -Spectrum Arcos) after acidic digestion steps and extraction of heavy metals from samples. Then, the obtained results were analyzed by diffrent equations and statistic softwares.Results: results showed that the concentrations of metals were 68.75 (47.71), 277.62 (196.12), 32.68 (18.31), 42.19 (17.09), 1.76 (0.87) and 12.04 (5.83) mg kg-1 for Zn, Mn, Cu, Cr, Cd and Pb in RWI (and GWI), respectively in irrigated farms with river water (farms irrigated by ground water). The concentration of heavy metals was significantly higher in the soil of farms which irrigated with river water than those which irrigated with ground water (P<0.05). Also, results showed that in farms which irrigated by ground water, the highest Target hazard quotient (THQ) have been reported in spinach with mentioned values; Zn (0.1150), Cd (1.2846), Cu (0.2030) and Pb (1.9141).Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that the concentration of heavy metals in soil and agricultural products which irrigated with contaminated water with urban and industrial sewage was higher than soil and agricultural productswhich irrigated with ground water. Also results of this study showed that the hazard for consumers health in agricultural products that were irrigated with water contaminated by industrial and urban sewage was higher than which irrigated with ground water. The researchers of this study suggest that we seriously should be avoided from entering the urban and industrial sewage to water which irrigate the agricultural products.

In the response phase the most important step is to assess disaster after occurrence. By disaster assessment, we can obtain all the needed information for controlling, decision-making and also disaster planning. Lack of disaster assessment causes you to make unsuitable decisions based on limited or inadequate data which leads to imperfect disaster response. According to IFRC, disaster response operation will have an unsuitable function without disaster assessment. This paper presents the principles and concepts of disaster assessment.

In this paper, the risk of chemicals existing in one of the automobile tire manufacturing industries has been investigated using a semi-quantitative risk assessment method. This research is based on the pattern which is provided by the Singapore professional health department to assess the risk of chemicals in the factory. The results showed that the tested employees in this study are in contact with 28 different chemicals. Among these chemicals, benzene, vinyl chloride and solvent 410 are at very high risk. Vinyl chloride is used in units of banbury, extruder and semenzeni. Benzene is used in extruder unit and solvent 410 is used in extruder, baking and inspection units. Due to the high-level risk of these chemicals, safety measures should be taken into account in targeted factory as soon as possible to safeguard employees.

Over 20 years, several analytical approaches have been designed to predict caries in children.Caries Risk Assessment is a recently developed technique concern to caries prediction.This procedure involves three stages as follows:1- Determination and assessment of the dental caries risk factors.2- Examination and evaluation of each individual child to be specifically diagnosed the level of 3- caries risk e.g. high, moderate and low risk.3- Recommendation of preventive programs according to risk assessment.Because children vary widely in their ability to develop cavities, a well-organized program holds great promise for promoting dental heath for pre-school children of varying caries risk. This article considered a series of principals that dentist can use in case planning, management and prevention programs according to risk assessment.

The world is embroiled in a pandemic of a new coronavirus at the end of 2019 and early in 2020, with such a large scale that it has severely involved the political, economic, and social systems in most countries around the world. The scale of the crisis is so widespread that many experts believe that the post-corona world will be substantially different from the pre-corona world. In the face of this massive epidemic, how people perceive risk and how to risk is communicated, plays a central role in deciding and choosing people's behavior. Fighting with this emerging phenomenon requires mobilizing all the possibilities of society and helping all people in the field of empathy and altruism. In this article, we briefly review aspects of the important concept of risk perception and communication in this pervasive crisis.

This study presents a framework for calculating the risk of various projects, especially projects under uncertain circumstances. First, the related literature is reviewed and then the relationship between risk and projects is examined. Using a case study an approach is provided to determine the project risk in uncertain circumstances where sufficient data is not available for decision-making. In the new proposed method, instead of using a purely qualitative method, Dempster-Shafer theory has been used because of the limited data for decision making. Finally, the proposed method is examined based on a construction company and the results are presented.

The most important activity in the risk management process is risk assessment. Multiple events occur in the workplace every day, causing death and injury. These accidents are often due to lack of proper training of workers occurred identify potential risks and, therefore, to identify and assess the risks of workplace can prevent many accidents. The aim of this study is to assess occupational hazards existing in the maritime industry, especially the loading and unloading of bulk cargoes.In this study, job safety analysis with respect to the loading and unloading of the main process is the PMO and based on factors such as the incidence of the highest incidence of accidents, absenteeism due to occupational workers and the highest volume of activity Ports were selected for analysis.Results were showed that from the seven activity process of sub loading and unloading grain by Grap, 8 of them were identified unacceptable risk control measures that must be defined for each activity. The most important risks are identified and the highest risk of dust emissions Indoors, Grap chance encounter with the body of a warehouse, or storage damage Grap, De Rhva dust emissions and air pollution, etc. were identified.